=====UTI=====
  *can result in several clinical syndromes:
    *acute and chronic pyelonephritis
    *cystitis
    *urethritis
    *epididymitis
    *prostatitis

Men with symptoms of upper UTI more commonly have pathological cause and should be referred for urological assessment
    ***Asymptomatic bacteriuria** : bacteria in the urine without symptoms

  *Most infections in adult men are complicated and related to abnormalities of the urinary tract
  *For people with symptoms of urinary tract infection and bacteriuria the main aim of treatment is relief of symptoms
  *For people who are asymptomatic the main outcome from treatment is prevention of future symptomatic episodes.

  *inappropriate use of antibiotics in asymptomatic bacteriuria leads to increased risk of:
    *especially C diff & MRSA infections
    *infection with multi‑drug‑resistant gram‑negative organisms
    *development of antibiotic‑resistant UTI

Dipstick testing is not reliable
Dipstick testing is not an effective method for detecting urinary tract infections in catheterised adults.
  *the catheter induces a pyuria

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[{{:wiki:infection:cuh-uti.png?400| **//UTI guideline (CUH)//** }}]
[{{:wiki:infection:cuh-pn_sepsis.png?400|//**Pyelonephritis sepsis guideline (CUH)**//}}]

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**References include:**\\ 
[[https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs90/chapter/Introduction|NICE guidance UTI in adults 2015]]\\ 
[[https://www.sign.ac.uk/assets/sign88.pdf| SIGN guideline - management of UTI 2012]]\\