====Gitelman Syndrome====
AKA - familial hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia, hypomagnesemia-hypokalemia with hypocalciuria\\ 
mostly mutations in the SLC12A3 gene (responsible for the  thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter), autosomal recessive and considered a milder variant of Bartter syndrome
  *specific defect in kidney function. 
  *impaired ability to reabsorb salt leading to symptoms of dehydration.
  *electrolytes affected are primarily mineral ions, specifically potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and chloride.
  *Fundamentally, like Bartter’s syndrome, Gitelman syndrome is a salt wasting nephropathy.
  *strangely more commonly presents in 2nd decade of life
  *Common symptoms - fatigue, dizziness, fainting, muscle weakness, and muscle cramps, GI symptoms eg. abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
  *may present with polyuria
  ***Lab tests**
    *low serum concentrations of magnesium and potassium and/or elevated serum concentrations of renin, and aldosterone.
    *Urine electrolyte measurement looking for inappropriately high urine potassium in the face of hypokalemia.

[[https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/gitelman-syndrome/]]