Exact pathophysiology = unclear

• often have raised testosterone
• inappropriate gonadotrophin secretion - probably as a result of ovarian dysfunction rather than cause

Diagnostic criteria have varied over the years and vary according to body meeting! Include the following:

• evidence of ovarian dysfunction
• exclusion of other disorders
• biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism
• ?USS evidence

Major features

• menstrual dysfunction - usually a chronic pattern
• anovulation
• signs of hyperandrogenism - male hair distribution, acne
• ~50% are obese
• Acanthosis nigricans - possibly due to insulin resistance
• Hypertension

treatments aimed at so-called metabolic derangements, such as anovulation, hirsutism, and menstrual irregularities.

References include:
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/256806-overview